«Whom shall we go to?». Faith, a critical sign (not attenuated)

(Jn 6:60-69)

A God on our level? "This Logos is sclerotic" (v.60) - as if to say: to imagine that the Most High joins with the least in everything is an incomprehensible and offensive position.

Can the Eternal recognise Himself in a simple son of man - even subversive and out of the loop - alienated from established circuits?

As in his ministry in Judea, Jesus' last activity in Galilee ends in failure (v.66).

The official pious experience proceeded on the surface - centred on the visibility of events and elite judgement, then on a succubus reality.

Even the disciples who taste the new Word are disappointed by the Master, who substitutes the Father for the tradition of the 'fathers'.

Many of the people sought him as a miracle-worker - continuing to be content with the religious structure, the dominant reference points, the same material bread as always (and so on).

Christ is not for continuing to conform, but for consistent nourishment. Here is the crisis: it does not fail when one is faced with serious choices.

For their own use, the leaders propagated dead idols, which blandished petty ideas (and immediate interests) - and frightened no one who deserved it.

Instead, the Lord went beyond the demands and horizons of normality. He had a different key.

The nuptial drama could not be resolved in convenient parentheses, as in conformist devotions: which ultimately compromise nothing [as in the later bigoted idea of 'angel food'].

Proposals such as the communion of goods, the choice of the last place, the welcome given not only to clan neighbours and so on, overturn the idea of greatness and failure.

To get involved, the disciples would have to be ready to embrace Life in the Spirit.

Impassable territory... but you can't agree with everything: bargaining, negotiation, calculations and apparatuses have had their day. In today's global crisis, the aut aut aut is pressing.

The question troubles: "But do you also want to leave?" (v.67).

Peter responds in the plural, expressing the Faith of the small group that ventures out - and that can be ours, when we remain untethered by dissociations of life, or verifications and paroxysms of 'worldviews'.

The crisis in Galilee is not a pale historical memory, but a watershed at the centre of which we are all - every day. A persistent event, which separates us from easy enthusiasms - but leads the authentic journey.

Accepting this final challenge changes the boundaries of the narrow world that entangles the soul, thus the course of existence... even the ambitious one of the disciples who perhaps did not want the discomforts of another kingdom.

Especially in the (even sacred) world of externality and shouting, the dilemma is alive: that of the fulfilled, perfect personal way; which goes in the direction of intimate energy, not of circumstantial keys.

Deaf opposition from the leaders, interested murmuring from many followers: the choice to draw on another Life must be peremptory.

The ranks are thinning, the choices are no longer obvious, the voices are many (and so are the half-measures). The once safe place is undermined.

Is it better to be consistent? Is it not better to conform to power relationships or fashions?

Faith unites with the Lord, listening gives the right position, and in the Eucharist the intertwining of natures, human and divine, is produced.

Deep aspirations drive beyond calculations and the natural order.

In us, the incarnation and action of the only Guide we can trust continues.

The purity of truth does not shatter, rather it spills over.

Before the hardships in the desert, the people had doubted the divine presence ("in our midst").

The same happened in the Johannine communities of the late first century, which questioned the Presence of the Risen One in the breaking of bread.

Some had left the church to return to the "onions of Egypt". On the other hand, in the area of Ephesus there was no lack of wealth and attraction - guaranteed and sacralised by pagan religiosity.

The same devout life polarised around the inducement of the Temple of Artemis - transformed into one of the major banks of the ancient East - guaranteed a carefree and much more 'solid' and conspicuous quality of life than the humble Eucharistic sign.

What could those crumbs be worth compared to one of the seven wonders of the ancient world?

And then enjoy being surrounded by so many "proper" people around, therefore well inserted in public and private relations - as well as adhering to attractive proposals from every point of view, not least of which was profit [or discredit: cf. the Ephesian silversmiths of trinkets; goldsmiths and craftsmen outraged with Paul: Acts 19:23ff].With Jesus, only a small group remained, but they were more intimate - and asked the right question:

Is it also dignified not to be first in the class, and 'successful'?

Who knows how to value history, and every path, even defections?

What Person does not force us to be one-sided?

The epilogue of John 6 does not call for a discipline of extrinsic spiritual proposals.

Nor does he tell (as typical in the ancient East) of talismans or mythical plants 'that make the old man young', nor of a 'sacred fire of the gods'.

For Jesus does not advocate the arduous climbing of religions, but humanisation... that brings us closer. Concrete adherence.

A saved existence glosses over any idea of naturalistic sequels expressible by ancient symbols or metaphors.

Thus e.g. the outward icons of "Plant" or "Fire", which alluded to immortal life and the divine, are discarded altogether and even replaced by "flesh" and "blood".

Their opposite, but: the character of lambs.

The experience of divinisation cannot ignore the Paschal faith-relationship dimension, which elevates us only in the freedom to 'descend'.

In times of leisure and harmony, we are always surprised to notice that our innermost core demands a different Rest.

We understand that the longed-for Peace is not a matter of place, exclusive beaches or panoramas; nor of ingenious calculations, hypotheses, sophisticated worldviews or ideal situations, but of a just Person.

But if today we feel poised in every decision and at every moment, "Who can we trust" always?

Every day we need a You that encourages and refreshes, making us feel like protagonists and collaborators, not reserves or benchwarriors.  

Never will the Dharma convince us in earnest, nor a Book... the engine of a conversion (unless it is opened with a spear).

It is only an experience that does not trap us in solitude that changes us from lukewarm believers to critical witnesses.

We feel the urgency of a loving purpose, otherwise nothing makes sense; not even success.

In me, I distinctly perceive an inclination to only grant trust to Whom I feel in need, or in at least a slightly reciprocal relationship; in a feeling that at least inwardly qualifies.

A Person who helps me first of all to reconcile with my limitations; not to feel accepted in general, but understood and welcomed within a configured affair, of real forgiveness or redemption. Or at least relationship.

Something good is not enough for me: I need Someone to free me from narrow horizons, from conditioning that takes my breath away, from internal powers that demand, from external social idols that suffocate identity, making the reason I was born diminish.

I need encouragement when I become despondent, and then I feel a need for motherly hands that welcome, for fatherly hands that reassure; for a witness, for a glance.

I feel an impelling need for a Thou who reveals to me the Good on which to begin or begin again; I am in need of an Interlocutor who makes me realise that there is a future, even in adverse conditions - and at any age.

I am not interested in façade perfection: I hunger for a Person who does not betray, who does not let me fall to the ground at the most beautiful, to the point of touching the dust. 

I seek a Friendship that doesn't mock and trample. And let it not be 'now and then': let it notice, let it heal, let it understand me and let me breathe, then raise my head and get back on track... until I too am able to pull sisters and brothers to growth.

Instead of the thunder and lightning of Sinai, which overpowers and repels, I ask for an attunement on my own level, which allows situations to be sublimated into precious correspondence and empathy.

Then yes: the personal aspect of the mission-relationship with the world becomes manifest, intense; decisive.

The non-depersonalising contact with the Voice of the Father made Brother convinces, in the drama and even in the clash of the face-to-face relationship.

The one not distant and indistinct Person who knows where to lead me and pulses within conveys that sense of participation and complicity that makes the soul so mysteriously sure of its most palpitating inclinations. Thus finally transforming a conformist and intimidated life into a dense, complete and shining adventure - one that overcomes obstacles, mentalities and conditioning that would make it pale into extinction.

We need a Presence that in the joy of togetherness opens, invites, gives taste; shatters the tension of deserving and fulfilling expected performance.

A Person who allows us to feel heard, understood and cared for, and who in the warmth of this Nest makes of ourselves a human sign with a Purpose of Love.

What is needed is Someone who transforms the meaning of everyday actions, even minute or apparently banal ones, into intimacy and Dialogue.

A Core of Sharing where we find support - not sentences - for our incessant transmigration: from the spiritualisations that 'elevate' to the humanisation that brings us closer.

And establish us at root. And transmits smiles to the soul.From the ancient religious sense to the Fedenovella? A question of Person.

To internalise and live the message:

The usual and at hand, or the best and that fits you?

What and Whom do you choose?

Do you see deep? Do you choose beyond boundaries?

«We have believed and then known»

On this passage we have a beautiful commentary by St Augustine, who says, in one of his sermons on John 6: "Do you see how Peter, by the grace of God, by the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, understood? Why did he understand? Because he believed. You have words of eternal life. You give us eternal life by offering your [risen] body and blood [Yourself]. And we have believed and known. It does not say: we have known and then believed, but we have believed and then known. We believed in order that we might know; for if we had wanted to know before we believed, we could neither know nor believe. What have we believed and what have we known? That you are Christ the Son of God, that you are eternal life itself, and in flesh and blood you give us what you yourself are' (Commentary on the Gospel of John, 27, 9). So said St Augustine in a sermon to his believers.

[Pope Benedict, Angelus 26 August 2012]

Dear Brothers and Sisters,

You see my hand, it is free of the plaster cast but it is still a bit lazy: I shall have to remain for a while at the school of patience, but we are making progress!

You know that for several Sundays the Liturgy has proposed for our reflection Chapter Six of John's Gospel, in which Jesus presents himself as the "Bread of life... which came down from Heaven", and, he adds: "if anyone eats of this bread, he will live for ever: and the bread which I shall give for the life of the world is my flesh" (Jn 6: 51). To the Jews who were arguing heatedly among themselves, questioning: "How can this man give us his flesh to eat?" (v. 52) and the world still debates it Jesus replies in every age: "unless you eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood, you have no life in you" (v. 53). We too should reflect on whether we have really understood this message. Today, the 21st Sunday of Ordinary Time, let us meditate on the last part of this chapter in which the Fourth Evangelist mentions the reaction of the people and of the disciples themselves. They were shocked by the Lord's words to the point that having followed him until then they exclaimed: "This is a hard saying; who can listen to it?" (v. 60). After this, "many of his disciples drew back and no longer went about with him" (v. 66) and the same thing has happened over and over again in various periods of history. One might expect Jesus to seek compromises to make himself better understood, but he does not mitigate what he says. On the contrary, he turns directly to the Twelve and asks them: "Will you also go away?" (v. 67).

This provocative question is not only addressed to listeners in his time, but also reaches the believers and people of every epoch. Today too, many are "shocked" by the paradox of the Christian faith. Jesus' teaching seems "hard", too difficult to accept and to put into practice. Then there are those who reject it and abandon Christ; there are those who seek to "adapt his" word to the fashions of the times, misrepresenting its meaning and value. "Will you also go away?" This disturbing provocation resounds in our hearts and expects a personal answer from each one; it is a question addressed to each one of us. Jesus is not content with superficial and formal belonging, a first and enthusiastic adherence is not enough for him; on the contrary, what is necessary is to take part for one's whole life "in his thinking and in his willing". Following him fills our hearts with joy and gives full meaning to our existence, but it entails difficulties and sacrifices because very often we must swim against the tide.

"Will you also go away?". Peter answers Jesus' question on the Apostles' behalf, and in the name of believers of every century: "Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life; and we have believed, and have come to know, that you are the Holy One of God" (vv. 68-69).

Dear Brothers and Sisters, at this moment we too can and want to repeat Peter's answer, aware of course of our human frailty, of our problems and difficulties, but trusting in the power of the Holy Spirit which is expressed and manifested in communion with Jesus. Faith is a gift of God to man and at the same time man's free and total entrustment to God; faith is docile listening to the word of the Lord who is the "lamp" for our feet and a "light" for our path (cf. Ps 119[118]: 105). If we open our hearts to Christ with trust, if we let ourselves be won over by him, we can also experience, like, for example, the holy Curé d'Ars, that "our only happiness on this earth is to love God and to know that he loves us". Let us ask the Virgin Mary always to keep awake within us this faith imbued with love, which made her, a humble girl of Nazareth, the Mother of God and Mother and model of all believers.

[Pope Benedict, Angelus 23 August 2009]

"Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life" (Jn 6:68).

Dear young men and women of Rome

1. I have chosen this Gospel expression as the theme for the eleventh World Youth Day. They are the words spoken by the Apostle Peter after the Lord Jesus had given a speech that was difficult to understand, that scandalised. He had said: "Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day" (Jn 6:54). Jesus, that is, presents himself to the world as the true food that alone can satisfy man's hunger. He is the Word made flesh who offers Himself as food in the sacrament of the Eucharist and as a victim on the cross, so that the world may be saved through Him and receive the fullness of life.

If giving himself as flesh to be eaten is Jesus' destiny, the disciples sense that this will also be theirs and they are afraid. Following Jesus means facing a prospect of suffering and death. The disciples are shocked at the thought that the Master must make himself "eaten". Jesus, then, seeing that many are leaving for this reason, asks the Twelve: "Perhaps you also want to leave?" ( Jn 6, 67 ).

But Peter, for all, replies: "Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life" ( Jn 6, 68 ). These words of Peter summarise a path. His path of seeking. They cannot be spoken if one does not believe and has not walked a long way to seek, find and know the Lord.

2.

Today, in this festive meeting, you have reconstructed with songs, dances, testimonies, the fundamental stages of every path of seeking God. You have heard from the words of witnesses how man is constantly seeking God. And how God is present in the history of every man and woman, goes out to meet him, seeks him first and responds fully and definitively to his deepest desire, which is to be loved.

Dear young people, from my experience as a priest I know well that you essentially seek love. Everyone seeks love, and a beautiful love. Even when in human love you succumb to weakness, nevertheless you continue to seek a love that is beautiful and pure. Ultimately, you know that no one but God can grant you such love. That is why you are willing to follow Christ regardless of sacrifices.

You seek Christ because He knows "what is in every man" ( Jn 2:25 ), especially in a young person, and He knows how to give true answers to your questions. Dear young people, it is Christ who is "sought", the "desired one who is found", the One who can give you true joy. A joy that never fails, because it is destined to continue in the fullness of life, beyond death.

Man, therefore, is a seeker of God, in turn sought by God. In the Gospel, we have heard this truth from the mouth of Jesus: "No one can come to me unless it is granted him by my Father" ( Jn 6:65 ). However, in his seeking of man, God never compels. He has great respect for us, made in his image. He leaves us free to accept his proposals. He also asks us: "Perhaps you also want to go away?" ( Jn 6, 67 ).

3.

But to whom can man go? To whom can you go, young people in search of happiness, joy, beauty, honesty, purity, in a word: in search of love? We know it well: many young people seek all this by following false teachers of life. How true, even today, are the words of the Second Letter to Timothy: "...for itching to hear something, men will surround themselves with teachers according to their own lusts, refusing to listen to the truth and turning to fables" ( 2 Tim 4:3-4 ).

I am thinking of money, success, career, unbridled sex at any cost, drugs, the belief that everything in life is played out here and now and that life is spent for the immediate gratification of what is desired today, without taking into account that there is an eternal future. I am still thinking of the search for security, false self-realisation and happiness in sects, magic or other religious paths that lead man to withdraw into himself instead of opening up to God.

In reality, in such conditions one remains dissatisfied, unable to rejoice, because if one does not find God, there is no answer to the truest and deepest desires of the human heart, and life becomes full of compromises and inner tensions.

4.

"Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life" ( Jn 6, 68 ). This is the answer. The answer of Peter, the first of the Apostles, the one to whom Christ entrusted his Church. It is the response of the Church and therefore also of all of you, young Romans who through baptism are members of the Church.It is a response that must become ever more conscious in each one of you, to the point of making you heralds of it with your peers who, though far from the faith, seek life and thus seek God perhaps without knowing it. Precisely because it is a response of life, we cannot be content to pronounce it alone: we must seek to make others participate in it too, always ready to give an account of the hope that is in us (cf. 1 Pet 3:15 ).

5.

To proclaim Jesus to all, the only fully satisfying response to human expectations: this is the commitment to which the approach of the year Two Thousand, a very special year of grace, stimulates us. We must arrive prepared for the Year 2000. The Jubilee renews the joy for the amazing event that took place two thousand years ago, when God became man, became the God-with-us, our friend and travelling companion. The risen Jesus continues to be with us; he comes to meet our longing for salvation and redemption.

You, young people of parishes, associations, movements, Christian groups, commit yourselves to deepen the mystery of his person. Ask yourselves who Jesus is for you, what he wants from you, what you seek and find in him. And, as you continually convert to Him, propose Him to those friends to whom, perhaps, no one has ever announced Him, or who have known Him and then abandoned Him.

6.

But, how to do it? Your first commitment concerns your formation as Christians: to attain a living knowledge of Jesus, to experience Him in faith through prayer, listening to His Word, catechesis on the fundamentals of the Creed, service to brothers and sisters in need.

Open a sincere dialogue with all, sharing the anxieties, problems and joys that all young people have in common. Show them - with life more than with words - the greatness of the gift of God that you have received and that has transformed your existence.

With them, then, learn to design life projects inspired by the Gospel. Jesus, in fact, enters into every aspect of existence and into everyone's vocation; he asks for consequent behaviour in the experience of human love, at school, at university, at work, in voluntary work, in sport and in every other area of daily life. It gives meaning to joy and pain, health and sickness, poverty and wealth, living and dying.

Therefore be companions of every young person living in Rome, always keeping in mind that only the truth of Christ can respond to man's desires, save him, communicate eternal life to him.

7.

Dear young men and women of Rome, be the apostles of "young Rome". May every young person, after attending you, be led to ask: "Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life" ( Jn 6:68 ). This city has Christian roots. Do not let your Rome, the Rome of the year two thousand, be less Christian than that of the centuries that preceded the beginning of the third millennium. Proclaim to your contemporaries the Gospel of Jesus, the ever new and young Word that continually renews and rejuvenates humanity. Use every means and occasion for this. Witness the faith where there are young people like you. Know how to be critical, when necessary, of the culture in which you grow up and which is not always attentive to Gospel values and respect for man.

If your lives are oriented by Christ, culture and society will be more Christian because you yourselves will have at least partially changed them. In fact, your life choices, your behaviour, your actions contribute to building a society and a culture. Commit yourselves so that Christian culture increasingly becomes the culture of young people. Animate the culture with your creativity.

8.

This meeting was attended by a director, a sportsman, dancers, singers, representatives of so many worlds in which it is necessary to be present as Christians, to be visible and not camouflaged signs of Jesus. To your creativity, dear young Romans, I entrust the task of thinking and realising the most suitable forms for proclaiming the Gospel in our city.

This is the commitment that I have called 'citizen mission', for which the whole Church of Rome is preparing. Together, young and old, we will proclaim the Gospel of Christ to our city. For this act of love towards Rome I count on you, your energy, your creativity and your ability to work together for a common mission.

'Together to Evangelise', let this be the slogan of your programmes. "Together" as the Church of Rome, which, though rich in different gifts, must proclaim the Gospel in communion and with courage, without being ashamed of the witness to be rendered to the Lord (cf. 1 Tim 1:8 ). On this proclamation depends the future of this city, your future. 

[Pope John Paul II, Address to the young people of Rome in preparation for the XI World Youth Day]

Today the Sixth Chapter of the Gospel of John concludes with the discourse on the Bread of Life, which Jesus gave the day after the multiplication of the loaves and fish.

At the end of that discourse, the great enthusiasm of previous day had dissipated, for Jesus said that he was the Bread which came down from heaven, and that he would give his flesh as food and his blood as drink, thereby clearly alluding to the sacrifice of his life. Those words gave rise to dismay in the people, who deemed such words unworthy of the Messiah, not “winning” words. Thus, several regarded Jesus as a messiah who should have spoken and acted in such a way as to bring success to his mission, straight away. But they were mistaken precisely in this: in the way of understanding the mission of the Messiah! Not even the disciples managed to accept the unsettling words of the Teacher. And today’s passage refers to their discomfort: “This is a hard saying”, they commented, “who can listen to it?” (Jn 6:60).

In reality, they had certainly understood Jesus’ discourse. So well that they did not want to heed it, because it was a discourse which threw their mind-set into crisis. Jesus’ words always throw us into crisis, for example, the worldly spirit, worldliness. But Jesus offers the key for overcoming this difficulty; a key consisting of three elements. First, his divine origin: he came down from heaven and will ascend again to “where he was before” (v. 62). Second: his words can be understood only through the action of the Holy Spirit. The One who “gives life” (v. 63) is precisely the Holy Spirit who enables us to understand Jesus properly. Third: the true cause of incomprehension of his words is the lack of faith: “there are some of you that do not believe” (v. 64), Jesus says. In fact from that time, the Gospel says, “many of his disciples drew back” (v. 66). In the face of these desertions, Jesus does not compromise and does not mince words, indeed he demands that a precise choice be made: either to stay with him or leave him, and he says to the Twelve: “Will you also go away?” (v. 67).

At this point Peter makes his confession of faith on behalf of the other Apostles: “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life” (v. 68). He does not say “where shall we go?”, but “to whom shall we go?”. The underlying problem is not about leaving and abandoning the work undertaken, but to whom to go. From Peter’s question we understand that fidelity to God is a question of fidelity to a person, to whom we bind ourselves to walk together on the same road. And this person is Jesus. All that we have in the world does not satisfy our infinite hunger. We need Jesus, to be with him, to be nourished at his table, on his words of eternal life! Believing in Jesus means making him the centre, the meaning of our life. Christ is not an optional element: he is the “Living Bread”, the essential nourishment. Binding oneself to him, in a true relationship of faith and love, does not mean being tied down, but being profoundly free, always on the journey. Each one of us can ask him- or herself: who is Jesus for me? Is he a name, an idea, simply an historical figure? Or is he truly that person who loves me and gave his life for me and walks with me? Who is Jesus for you? Are you with Jesus? Do you try to comprehend him in his word? Do you read the Gospel, each day a passage from the Gospel to learn to know Jesus? Do you carry a small Gospel in your pocket, handbag, to read it, in whatever place? Because the more we are with him the more the desire to be with him grows. Now I ask you, please, let us have a moment of silence and let each one of us silently, in our hearts, ask ourselves the question: “Who is Jesus for me?”. Silently, each one, answer in your heart.

May the Virgin Mary help us to always “go” to Jesus to experience the freedom he offers us, allowing it to cleanse our choices from worldly incrustations and fears.

[Pope Francis, Angelus 23 August 2015]

From the ancient dream to the embodied relationship

(Jn 1:45-51)

People are convinced by meeting, seeing and experiencing, not by imposing. However, the Eternal’s plan baffles us.

Witness and sharing lead persons to Christ, but they are not enough - because his plan is not as people imagine or propose, as they await and desires it to be.

To the enthusiastic announcement, Nathanael responds with a preconceived skepticism that represents us: what good can come out of the most insignificant suburbs (v.46)?

Why doesn't the solution to our expectations come from predictable places [Judaea]?

Personal encounter with Jesus and listening to his Word go beyond every obstacle, up to an explicit and convinced profession of Faith.

And like Nathanael, whoever consecrates his life to the study of the Scriptures finds in them Christ himself (vv.45.48-49).

At first perhaps we too approached the Son of God imagining that he had the attributes of King of a chosen people (v.49).

Then the custom with the Person and the vital experience [«Come and see»: sense of the basic Semitic expression of v.46] showed us a much broader Relationship with Heaven (vv.50-51).

In walking the Way that the unexpected Messiah proposes, we perceive the convergence of God’s movement towards men and our longing for him.

It is the realization (and overcoming) of Jacob’s ancient dream.

Those who pursue preconceptions remain to take the cool under a fig tree (cf.v.48), ie he remains linked to the ancient religion [the rabbis taught the ancient Scriptures sitting under the trees; the fig tree was symbol of Israel].

«Israelite without deceit» (v.47): each one is so when, after sifting, he knows how to get rid of common opinions and teachings; when he realizes that they do not coincide with the Father’s plan.

Salvation history aims at «greater things» (v.50) than those already wanted; normal, expected, invoked, calculated, longed for.

From religiosity we will move on to Faith: the best of God’s Dream in us must come. «Greater things» than clichés.

Jesus is Jacob’s authentic Dream, which heralded to a vast lineage; further unfolded (Gen 28:10-22) and become reality.

But no one would have expected that the Messiah could identify himself with the «Son of Man» (v.51), the One who creates abundance where it’s not there, and that before did not seem licit it could expand.

The new bond between God and human beings is in the Brother who becomes ‘next of kin’: which creates an atmosphere of humanization with wide outlines - not at all discriminating.

‘True, successful Son’ is the one who, having reached the maximum of human fullness, comes to reflect the divine condition and radiates it in a widespread way - not selective as expected.

It’s the flowering and humanization of the people: the peaceful, true and full development of the divine plan on humanity.

«Son of Man» is therefore not a stowed, cautious, controlled and reserved title, but an opportunity for all those who adhere to the Lord’s proposal, and reinterpret life in a creative personal way.

They go beyond the firm boundaries, making room for the Gift; welcoming from the Grace fullness of being, in its new unrepeatable tracks.

[St. Bartholomew, Apostle.  August 24, 2024]

From the ancient dream to the incarnate relationship

(Jn 1:45-51)

Today's liturgy presents the first encounter with the Lord of Nathanael, whom some traditions identify as the apostle Bartholomew.

The purpose of the call is to follow Jesus; let us see the concatenation of events. First of all: people are convinced by encountering, seeing and experiencing, not by imposing.

But the plan of the Eternal displaces us. Witnessing and sharing lead to Christ, but they are not enough - because his plan is not what people imagine or propose, what they expect and desire it to be.

To the enthusiastic announcement of Philip [a name of Greek origin], Nathanael [from the Hebrew Netan'El: "God has given"] responds with a preconceived scepticism that represents us: what good can come out of the most insignificant peripheries (v.46)?

How is it that the solution to our expectations does not come from the palaces of power, from the exceptional magnificence of the Holy City, or from the established and selective doctrinal prestige of the observant territory (Judea)?

Nazareth was a negligible village of hotheads and troglodyte Galileans; Jesus a carpenter-carpenter, so he did not even have land.

The expectation of the Messiah was anchored to quite other manifestations of prestige, wealth, pomp and power (substitutes for the authentic experience of relationship and fullness of being).

The personal encounter with Jesus and listening to his Word conquered every obstacle, up to an explicit and convinced profession of Faith.

And like Nathanael, he who consecrates his life to the study of the Scriptures finds Christ in them (vv.45.48-49).

At first perhaps we too approached the Son of God imagining that he had the attributes of King of a chosen people (v.49).

Then the familiarity with the Person and the vital experience ["Come and see": sense of the basic Semitic expression of v.46] showed us a much wider Relationship with Heaven (vv.50-51).

In walking the Way that the unexpected Messiah proposes, we grasp the convergence of God's movement towards mankind and our yearning for Him. It is the realisation (and overcoming) of Jacob's ancient dream.

Those who pursue preconceptions remain to take the cool under the fig tree (cf. v.48), that is, they remain tied to the ancient religion [the rabbis taught the ancient scriptures by sitting under the trees; the fig tree was a symbol of Israel].

By dwelling in expectations of magnificence and allowing ourselves to be carried away by standard intentions of expected glory, we do not enter into the movement that binds our land to Love: we find ourselves growing old, bogged down and barren - unable to generate new creatures and be born again.

"Israelite without deceit" (v.47): each one is when - having sifted - he knows how to discard common opinions and teachings; when he realises that they do not agree with the Father's plan for us.

The history of salvation aims at "greater things" (v.50) than those already desired; normal, foreseen, invoked, calculated and hoped for (transmitted by doctrines and "teachers" such and such).

Even the Design of Providence is not as people imagine or wish it to be. There are situations that no one has ever seen.

"God has given" [meaning of the proper name Nathanael], but each one must be born again.

From Nathanael each believer makes Exodus to transmigrate to the meaning of the name Bartholomew: "Son of the well-ploughed field and of the earth with abundant furrows".

From religiosity we pass to Faith: the best of God's Dream in us is to come. "Greater things" than platitudes.

Jesus is the authentic Dream of Jacob, which foreshadowed a vast descendants; further unfolded (Gen 28:10-22) and become reality.

But no one would have expected that the Messiah could be identified with the "Son of Man" (v.51), the One who creates abundance where there is none - and it did not seem permissible before to expand.

The new bond between God and human beings is in the Brother who becomes the 'next of kin', who creates an atmosphere of humanisation with broad contours - not at all discriminating.

"The 'Son of Man' is the one who, having reached the highest human fullness, comes to reflect the divine condition and radiates it widely - not selectively as expected.

Successful Son: the Person with the definitive step, who in us aspires to the most dilated fullness in events and relationships, to an indestructible carat within each one who approaches [and encounters divine marks].

It is growth and humanisation of the people: the quiet, true and full development of the divine plan on humanity.

"Son of Man" is therefore not a religious, guarded, controlled and reserved title, but an opportunity for all those who adhere to the Lord's proposal, and reinterpret life in a personal creative way.

They overcome their own firm and summary boundaries, making room for the Gift; receiving from Grace fullness of being and character, in its new, unrepeatable tracks.Feeling totally and undeservedly friends, we discover other facets... we change the way we are with ourselves, and the way we read history.

In short, we can grow, realise ourselves, blossom, radiate the completeness we have received - without any more closures.

On this Path, every day we perceive the same impulse that brought Nathanael to Jesus: an unparalleled instinct of Presence [Michael: Who like God?], a liberation of the shrunken consciousness [Raphael: God healed - Rescuer], an awe-inspiring unveiling [Gabriel: Strength of God].

In short, on new adventures to be undertaken, the invisible world has a special relationship with humanity and creation.

In soul and in things, we are as it were guided on the right path (in an unceasing, growing, unexpected way) even through our anxieties, rebellions, crises and doubts.

From Son of David to Son of Man

The Church is Catholic because Christ embraces the whole of humanity in his mission of salvation. While Jesus' mission in his earthly life was limited to the Jewish people, "to the lost sheep of the house of Israel" (Mt 15:24), it was nevertheless oriented from the beginning to bring the light of the Gospel to all peoples and to bring all nations into the Kingdom of God. Confronted with the faith of the Centurion in Capernaum, Jesus exclaims: "Now I tell you that many will come from the east and the west and sit down at table with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven" (Mt 8:11). This universalistic perspective emerges, among other things, from the presentation Jesus made of himself not only as "Son of David", but as "son of man" (Mk 10:33), as we also heard in the Gospel passage just proclaimed. The title "Son of Man", in the language of the Jewish apocalyptic literature inspired by the vision of history in the Book of the Prophet Daniel (cf. 7:13-14), recalls the person who comes "with the clouds of heaven" (v. 13) and is an image that heralds an entirely new kingdom, a kingdom supported not by human powers, but by the true power that comes from God. Jesus uses this rich and complex expression and refers it to Himself to manifest the true character of His messianism, as a mission destined for the whole man and every man, overcoming all ethnic, national and religious particularism. And it is precisely in following Jesus, in allowing oneself to be drawn into his humanity and thus into communion with God, that one enters into this new kingdom, which the Church announces and anticipates, and which overcomes fragmentation and dispersion".

[Pope Benedict, address to the Consistory 24 November 2012]

Dear Brothers and Sisters,

In the series on the Apostles called by Jesus during his earthly life, today it is the Apostle Bartholomew who attracts our attention. In the ancient lists of the Twelve he always comes before Matthew, whereas the name of the Apostle who precedes him varies; it may be Philip (cf. Mt 10: 3; Mk 3: 18; Lk 6: 14) or Thomas (cf. Acts 1: 13).

His name is clearly a patronymic, since it is formulated with an explicit reference to his father's name. Indeed, it is probably a name with an Aramaic stamp, bar Talmay, which means precisely:  "son of Talmay".

We have no special information about Bartholomew; indeed, his name always and only appears in the lists of the Twelve mentioned above and is therefore never central to any narrative.

However, it has traditionally been identified with Nathanael:  a name that means "God has given".

This Nathanael came from Cana (cf. Jn 21: 2) and he may therefore have witnessed the great "sign" that Jesus worked in that place (cf. Jn 2: 1-11). It is likely that the identification of the two figures stems from the fact that Nathanael is placed in the scene of his calling, recounted in John's Gospel, next to Philip, in other words, the place that Bartholomew occupies in the lists of the Apostles mentioned in the other Gospels.

Philip told this Nathanael that he had found "him of whom Moses in the law and also the prophets wrote, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph" (Jn 1: 45). As we know, Nathanael's retort was rather strongly prejudiced:  "Can anything good come out of Nazareth?" (Jn 1: 46). In its own way, this form of protestation  is  important  for  us.  Indeed, it makes us see that according to Judaic expectations the Messiah could not come from such an obscure village as, precisely, Nazareth (see also Jn 7: 42).

But at the same time Nathanael's protest highlights God's freedom, which baffles our expectations by causing him to be found in the very place where we least expect him. Moreover, we actually know that Jesus was not exclusively "from Nazareth" but was born in Bethlehem (cf. Mt 2: 1; Lk 2: 4) and came ultimately from Heaven, from the Father who is in Heaven.

Nathanael's reaction suggests another thought to us: in our relationship with Jesus we must not be satisfied with words  alone. In  his  answer,  Philip offers Nathanael a meaningful invitation:  "Come and see!" (Jn 1: 46). Our knowledge of Jesus needs above all a first-hand experience: someone else's testimony is of course important, for normally  the  whole  of  our  Christian life begins with the proclamation handed  down  to  us  by  one  or  more  witnesses.

However, we ourselves must then be personally involved in a close and deep relationship with Jesus; in a similar way, when the Samaritans had heard the testimony of their fellow citizen whom Jesus had met at Jacob's well, they wanted to talk to him directly, and after this conversation they told the woman:  "It is no longer because of your words that we believe, for we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this is indeed the Saviour of the world" (Jn 4: 42).

Returning to the scene of Nathanael's vocation, the Evangelist tells us that when Jesus sees Nathanael approaching, he exclaims: "Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom there is no guile!" (Jn 1: 47). This is praise reminiscent of the text of a Psalm: "Blessed is the man... in whose spirit there is no deceit" (32[31]: 2), but provokes the curiosity of Nathanael who answers in amazement:  "How do you know me?" (Jn 1: 48).

Jesus' reply cannot immediately be understood. He says: "Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig  tree,  I  saw  you" (Jn  1: 48).  We  do not know what had happened under this fig tree. It is obvious that it had to do with a decisive moment in Nathanael's life.

His heart is moved by Jesus' words, he feels understood and he understands: "This man knows everything about me, he knows and is familiar with the road of life; I can truly trust this man". And so he answers with a clear and beautiful confession of faith: "Rabbi, you are the Son of God! You are the King of Israel!" (Jn 1: 49). In this confession is conveyed a first important step in the journey of attachment to Jesus.

Nathanael's words shed light on a twofold, complementary aspect of Jesus' identity: he is recognized both in his special relationship with God the Father, of whom he is the Only-begotten Son, and in his relationship with the People of Israel, of whom he is the declared King, precisely the description of the awaited Messiah. We must never lose sight of either of these two elements because if we only proclaim Jesus' heavenly dimension, we risk making him an ethereal and evanescent being; and if, on the contrary, we recognize only his concrete place in history, we end by neglecting the divine dimension that properly qualifies him.

We have no precise information about Bartholomew-Nathanael's subsequent apostolic activity. According to information handed down by Eusebius, the fourth-century historian, a certain Pantaenus is supposed to have discovered traces of Bartholomew's presence even in India (cf. Hist. eccl. V, 10, 3).

In later tradition, as from the Middle Ages, the account of his death by flaying became very popular. Only think of the famous scene of the Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel in which Michelangelo painted St Bartholomew, who is holding his own skin in his left hand, on which the artist left his self-portrait.

St Bartholomew's relics are venerated here in Rome in the Church dedicated to him on the Tiber Island, where they are said to have been brought by the German Emperor Otto III in the year 983.

To conclude, we can say that despite the scarcity of information about him, St Bartholomew stands before us to tell us that attachment to Jesus can also be lived and witnessed to without performing sensational deeds. Jesus himself, to whom each one of us is called to dedicate his or her own life and death, is and remains extraordinary.

[Pope Benedict, General Audience 4 October 2006]

The first thing Andrew did after meeting Jesus was to seek out his brother Simon and tell him: "We have found the Messiah!". Later Philip, in the same way, sought out Nathanael and told him: "We have found him of whom Moses in the Law and the Prophets wrote, Jesus, the son of Joseph of Nazareth" (cf. Jn 1:35-51).

After the initial discovery, there follows a dialogue through prayer, a dialogue between Jesus and the one who received the call, a dialogue that goes beyond words and expresses itself in love.

Questions are an important part of such a dialogue. For example, in the Gospel account of the disciples' call, we are told that "when Jesus had turned around and seen them following him, he asked them, "What are you looking for?" They answered him, "Rabbi (which means teacher), where do you live?". 'Come and see,' he answered" (Jn 1:38-39).

What begins as a discovery of Jesus leads to greater understanding and dedication through a devoted process of questioning and discernment. In the course of that process, our reasons are purified. We are confronted with burning questions such as, "What are you looking for?" And we even find ourselves asking the questions of Jesus, as Nathanael did: "How do you know me?" (John 1:48). Only after reflecting sincerely and honestly in the silence of our hearts do we begin to convince ourselves that the Lord is really calling us.

Even then, however, the process of discernment is not finished. Jesus says to us what he also said to Nathanael: "You will see greater things than these!" (John 1:50). Throughout the course of life, after we have made a sacred and unchanging promise and begun to actively serve the Lord, we still need the dialogue of prayer that will constantly deepen our knowledge and love for our Lord Jesus Christ.

[Pope John Paul II, Address to American seminarians 13 September 1987]

Francis recalled the story of Nathanael who "goes to see him whom they tell him is the messiah, a little sceptical. To him Jesus says: "I saw you under the fig tree". Therefore, "always God loves first". This is also recalled in the parable of the prodigal son: "When the son, who had spent all the money of his father's inheritance on a life of vices, returns home, he finds that his father is waiting for him. God always waits for us first. Before us, always. And when the other son doesn't want to come to the party, because he doesn't understand daddy's attitude, daddy goes looking for him. And so God does with us: he loves us first, always'.

Thus, the Pope relaunched, "we can see in the Gospel how God loves: when we have something in our heart and we want to ask the Lord for forgiveness, it is he who is waiting for us to give forgiveness".

This year of mercy, Francis affirmed, "is also a bit of this: that we know that the Lord is waiting for us, each one of us" And he is waiting for us "to embrace us, nothing more, to say: 'Son, daughter, I love you. I let them crucify my Son for you; this is the price of my love; this is the gift of love'".

The Pope suggested always thinking of this truth: 'The Lord is waiting for me, the Lord wants me to open the door of my heart, because he is there waiting for me to enter. Without conditions.

Of course, someone might say: "But, Father, no, I would like to, but I have so many bad things inside!". In this regard, Francis' answer is clear: "It's better! Better! Because he waits for you, as you are, not as they tell you 'you must do'. You must be as you are. He loves you like this, to embrace you, kiss you, forgive you'.

Here, then, is the Pope's concluding exhortation to go without delay to the Lord and say: 'But you know Lord that I love you'. Or, if I really "do not feel like it, to say: 'You know Lord that I would like to love you, but I am such a sinner, such a sinner'". With the certainty that he will do as the father did "with the prodigal son who spent all his money on vices. He will not let you finish your speech, with an embrace he will silence you: the embrace of God's love".

[Pope Francis, St Martha, in L'Osservatore Romano 09/01/2016]

The Great Commandment: only profound Quality obliges

(Mt 22:34-40)

That of the ‘Great commandment’ was the most familiar catechism rule, even to infants.

Jesus is questioned to retort: and why do you not keep the one commandment that even God fulfils - the Sabbath rest?

The unique disposition in which the Father recognizes himself is Love, not some particular precept - because only profound Quality obliges.

The spiritual proposal of the Master makes the narrative of God's people and the practice of the Prophets its own: all heart, feet, hands - and intelligence.

Complete Love for God envelops the creature in every decision [heart], every moment and aspect of its concrete 'life', all its resources [strength].

Mt doesn’t explicitly mention this last aspect, perhaps to emphasize that the Father doesn’t absorb energies in any way, but transmits them.

And Jesus adds to the nuances of authentic understanding with God enumerated in the First Testament an unexpected side to those who think of love as a feeling only emotional.

The Lord suggests study, discernment and understanding of our perceptions (v.37) - the mental and deep intelligence aspect that complements Dt 6.

At first glance, it appears to be a secondary facet or even a frill for the qualitative leap from a common religious sense to the wisely and personally configured existence of Faith.

The exact opposite is true: we are children of a Father who does not supplant us, nor absorb our forces or potential, depersonalising us; not even from the mental point of view.

Practicality alone makes us fragile, not very aware; and when we are not convinced, we will not be reliable either, always at the mercy of changing situations and the conformist, fashionable, other people’s opinion.

Jesus doesn’t speak of love for God in terms of intimacy and feeling, but of a totally involving affinity, made less oscillating precisely by the development of our sapiential measure on issues.

Here is a decisive appointment, of the Love in the round.

It would be unnatural to recognise a Lord of Heaven who does not come to meet us and instead towers over us with an objective of his own, which is extrinsic to us and makes us marginal.

«How [and "because"] yourself»: it’s a new Genesis in the spirit of Giving. The paradox suggested by Jesus is that we love for the care to meet - and because we love ourselves - by expanding the I into the You.

God’s «great command» affects real life and concerns not only the quality of relationship with the world and neighbour, but the reflexive global with oneself. 

We should not be afraid of other doctrines and disciplines, neglecting the challenges even intellectual ones that call into question beliefs, works, one’s worldview, language, style, and thought itself.

All added values.

Needless to complain, if the ecclesial realities that don’t update, and remain in the inherited commonplaces, slowly decay, then disappear.

Therefore to the ancient notes of true love, the Son of God adds the quality of mind: we are not gullible, clueless, one-sided.

Our outstretched hands are the result of free and conscious choice. No forced surrender.

«Faith that does not become culture is a faith that is not fully accepted, not entirely thought out, not faithfully lived» [John Paul II].

To internalize and live the message:

What’s Great for you? Do you document and update yourself in order to better correspond to God’s Call?

[Friday 20th wk. in O.T.  August 23, 2024]