Reflections on the religious sense.
This reflection also stems from a dialogue with a gentleman of about my age.
This well known and respected gentleman in his village met an old acquaintance of his and was rebuked by the latter because he did not attend religious services; according to her, he should have done so for his own good. The gentleman replied that he did not feel this need and that it did not seem to him that his behaviour might offend the generally understood religious sense.
Discussions like this occur often among human beings, this is nothing new. I report it because it made me reflect on the religious sense in human life. The topic touches on several disciplines and is complex.
Studies by Fiorenzo Facchini say that various behaviours of prehistoric man are read in a religious sense. Our ancestors gave burials to their dead and painted representations on the walls.
These caves had something sacred about them. Religious manifestations of antiquity were songs and dances.
In all religions we find a need for reassurance about our lives and also the need to find magical answers to our problems.
Bettelheim argues that on an individual level and especially in childhood, religion can provide that basis of stability and security with which the child can evolve towards autonomy.
The society in which we live forces us to run, to be in step with the times; it wants to give us its values.
Today there is the fashion of the ephemeral, of competitiveness - and so it is psychologically reassuring to believe in a 'mother-environment' that loves us, or to be within a design that gives meaning to our lives.
Unlike Freud who did not have a positive view, or the philosopher Charles Marx who claimed that religion is the opium of the people, Jung in the eleventh volume "Psychology and Religion" says verbatim:
"Since' religion is indisputably one of the first and universal expressions of the human soul [...] it is not only a sociological or historical phenomenon, but an important personal matter" (vol.XI, p.15).
In my long professional practice I have often encountered people who have had to come to terms with this issue.
The therapist's task is not to condition the other, but to clarify the underlying dynamics.
I have met people who described themselves as non-believers but who on an unconscious level had to come to terms with their dreams. Or individuals who belonged to different religions that were so rigid that they inhibited their vital sense.
In all these cases, knowledge of the human soul grew, whether they claimed to be religious or not. We are not discussing each person's philosophical position.
There were differences between the person who called himself religious and one who was not.
I would like to point out that these differences do not constitute value judgements, but only behavioural characteristics.
The religious person believes that there is a reality that is sacred and beyond this world - and that his existence is enhanced according to his belief.
He who called himself a non-believer rejected transcendence, was one who is self-made and believes that he alone constructs his own destiny.
A constant concern was to deny any reference or wisecrack that was made to religious topics.
I have even met someone who was more concerned about what my beliefs were than his personal problems. I always replied that my sphere of action was the psyche in all its manifestations. Beyond any manifestation sacred or not, respect for the person is already a sacred attitude.
"To 'desacralise' oneself completely is not easy either, as it is difficult to deny history altogether - both for those who believe in creation and those who believe in evolution.
Who knows whether evolution includes a creation?
Dr Francesco Giovannozzi Psychologist-psychotherapist
